Earth Science

Planning calculators for earth science — estimates from industry-style inputs.

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Epicenter distance from P-wave and S-wave arrival times.

Hazard radius from eruption type and VEI.

Slope stability factor from soil, angle, and water table.

Retreat rate from historical measurements and temperature.

Temperature from oxygen isotope ratios (delta18O).

Migration rate from channel width and discharge.

Sinkhole risk from limestone depth and water table.

Declination correction from location and date.

Age range from stratigraphic layer and index fossils.

Distance between landmasses from plate motion rate and time.