Breakwater Design Calculator

Size rubble-mound breakwater armor units using the Hudson formula. Computes armor weight, layer thickness, unit count, and stability number.

Design wave height Hs (m)

Armor slope angle (°)

Stability coefficient K_D

Armor unit density (kg/m³)

Water density (kg/m³)

Number of armor layers

Packing porosity (%)

Layer coefficient k_Δ

Tab to move between fields

Armor unit weight (N)

29,369.9

Armor unit mass (tonnes)

2.99

Nominal diameter Dn (m)1.04

Armor layer thickness (m)2.13

Units per m² of slope1.18

Stability number Ns1.82

Recommended crest freeboard (m)4.5

How to Use This Calculator

Enter design significant wave height Hs (m) at the breakwater toe.
Enter armor slope angle (degrees), Hudson stability coefficient K_D, armor unit density (kg/m3), and water density (kg/m3).
Read required armor unit weight (kg and tonnes) from the Hudson formula.
Use armor unit weight to select appropriate rock class or concrete armor unit type.
Review required crest width and layer thickness for the design wave height.

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