Ore Grade Calculator
Calculate recoverable metal tonnage from total ore tonnage, grade percentage, recovery rate, and cutoff grade.
About this calculator
This calculator translates a mining grade estimate into tonnage of metal, the core arithmetic behind reserve and resource reporting. Contained metal is simply total ore tonnage multiplied by grade percentage (containedMetal = tonnage × grade/100) — the theoretical metal present before any processing losses. Recoverable metal then applies the recovery rate, the percentage of that contained metal actually extracted by the mill or plant (typically 85-95% for flotation), giving the tonnage a mine would actually realize. The calculator also flags whether the entered grade is above the cutoff grade — the minimum grade that's economically worth mining given current costs and metal prices — and reports the margin by which it clears or misses that threshold.
Grade is additionally converted to grams per tonne (percentage × 10,000), the unit convention used for precious metals like gold and silver rather than percentage. A metal-per-tonne-of-ore figure (in kilograms) is also given as a convenient multiplier for revenue estimates once you know the metal price. Two simplifications matter here: the model treats the entire tonnage as uniformly at the entered grade — real deposits have grade variability, and this calculator doesn't model a grade-tonnage curve or split ore from waste within a single run — and cutoff-grade economics in practice also depend on mining and processing costs not captured here, so treat this comparison as a quick grade-versus-cutoff screen, not a stand-in for a full mine economic model that also weighs costs and metal prices.
Inputs
Results
Contained Metal
150 t
Recoverable Metal
135 t
Above Cutoff Grade?
Yes
How to Use This Calculator
- Enter the Total Ore Tonnage in metric tons and the Ore Grade as a percentage of metal content.
- Enter the Recovery Rate percentage to account for metallurgical losses during processing.
- Enter the Cutoff Grade below which mining is uneconomic.
- Review Contained Metal and Recoverable Metal tonnage as the key reserve calculation outputs.
- Check Above Cutoff Grade and Grade Margin to confirm economic viability of the deposit.
How the result changes with Total Ore Tonnage (t)
| Total Ore Tonnage (t) | Contained Metal | Recoverable Metal | Above Cutoff Grade? |
|---|---|---|---|
| 5,000 | 75 t | 67.5 t | Yes |
| 7,500 | 112.5 t | 101.25 t | Yes |
| 15,000 | 225 t | 202.5 t | Yes |
| 25,000 | 375 t | 337.5 t | Yes |
What each input means
- Total Ore Tonnage (t)
- Total tonnes of ore to be processed.
- Ore Grade (%)
- Metal content as a percentage of ore weight. Copper: 0.5–2%, Gold: often expressed in g/t instead.
- Recovery Rate (%)
- Percentage of contained metal recovered during processing. Typical flotation: 85–95%.
- Cutoff Grade (%)
- Minimum grade that is economically viable to mine. Ore below this grade is waste.
How this is calculated
Formula
Recoverable Metal = Tonnage × Grade% × Recovery%Worked example, using the default values
- Identify Input Parameters4 parametersTotal Ore Tonnage (t) = 10000, Ore Grade (%) = 1.5, Recovery Rate (%) = 90, Cutoff Grade (%) = 0.3 = 4 input(s) provided
- Calculate Contained MetalContained Metal150 = 150
- Calculate Recoverable MetalRecoverable Metal135 = 135
- Calculate Above Cutoff Grade?Yes = Yes
- Calculate GradeGrade15000 = 15000
- Calculate Grade Margin over CutoffGrade Margin over Cutoff1.2 = 1.2
Engine last updated . Checked against 3 independently-derived tests — how we verify calculators. Built by Paul Gunder, a software engineer, not a licensed financial, medical, or legal professional.
Frequently Asked Questions
What's the difference between contained metal and recoverable metal?
Contained metal is total ore tonnage multiplied by grade percentage — the theoretical amount of metal physically present in the ore before any processing. Recoverable metal then multiplies that figure by the recovery rate, giving the tonnage a mill or plant would actually extract after accounting for metallurgical losses, which is always less than or equal to contained metal.
Does being above the cutoff grade mean the ore is guaranteed to be profitable to mine?
No — the calculator only compares your entered grade against the cutoff grade you supply, and the cutoff itself is meant to already reflect current mining and processing costs and metal prices. Being above cutoff just means the ore clears whatever economic threshold you entered; the calculator doesn't independently verify or recompute that threshold from cost and price data.
Why is grade also reported in grams per tonne when I entered it as a percentage?
Grams per tonne (g/t) is the standard unit for reporting precious-metal grades like gold and silver, while percentage is more common for base metals like copper. The calculator converts by multiplying the percentage by 10,000 (since 1% of a tonne is 10,000 grams), so you can read the same grade in whichever convention your commodity typically uses.
Why doesn't the calculator split my tonnage into separate ore and waste amounts?
The model assumes the entire tonnage you enter sits at a single uniform grade, so it treats the whole block as either all ore or all waste depending on whether that grade clears the cutoff — it doesn't model a grade-tonnage distribution within the deposit. To estimate how much of a real, variable-grade deposit is ore versus waste, you'd need a block model or grade-tonnage curve, which is outside what this single-grade calculation does.
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