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Calcimator

Forward Contract Calculator

Forward pricing from futures, basis, and delivery period.

About this calculator

A forward contract locks in a cash price today for grain you'll deliver later, and that price is built from two pieces: the futures market price for the relevant contract month, plus your local basis — the difference between your elevator's cash price and the futures price, driven by transportation, local supply/demand, and storage economics. This calculator adds the futures price and your expected basis directly to get the forward price; note that basis is commonly negative (grain typically priced under futures), so a basis of -0.35 lowers the forward price rather than raising it. Total revenue is the forward price times the bushels you're contracting. Storage saved estimates what you'd have spent on on-farm storage over the months until delivery, calculated the same way as a standalone storage-cost estimate — it's shown here because contracting forward is often an alternative to storing the grain yourself, so this cost avoidance is a real economic benefit of the contract even though it's not part of the cash price itself.

Effective price adds those storage savings back on top of the forward price, giving a combined figure for comparing "forward contract now" against "store and price later" on equal footing. Percent of futures captured shows the forward price as a share of the raw futures price, a quick way to see how much basis is costing (or, rarely, adding) relative to the board price. Remember that basis is a forecast here, not locked in the way futures-based forward prices usually are — actual basis at delivery can move against you.

Inputs

Results

Forward price ($/bu)

5.65

Total revenue ($)$56,500.00
Storage saved ($)$2,400.00
Effective price ($/bu)5.89
% of futures captured94.17
How to Use This Calculator
  1. Enter the Futures Price for the delivery month and your Expected Basis at delivery.
  2. Enter Bushels to contract, Months to Delivery, and Storage Cost per bushel per month.
  3. Review the Forward Price Per Bushel locked in by the contract (futures + basis).
  4. Check Total Revenue and Effective Price including storage savings.
  5. Use % of Futures Captured to evaluate how much price risk is eliminated by forward contracting.

How the result changes with Futures price ($/bu)

Futures price ($/bu)Forward price ($/bu)
32.65
4.54.15
98.65
1514.65

What each input means

Futures price ($/bu)
Futures contract price for the delivery month.
Expected basis ($/bu)
Expected local basis at delivery time.
Bushels to contract
Quantity to forward contract.
Months to delivery
Months until contract delivery date.
Storage ($/bu/mo)
Monthly on-farm storage cost per bushel.

What each result means

Forward price ($/bu)
Locked-in forward contract price (futures + basis).
Total revenue ($)
Total revenue at forward contract price.
Storage saved ($)
Storage cost avoided by contracting forward.
Effective price ($/bu)
Forward price + storage savings per bushel.
% of futures captured
Forward price as percentage of futures.

How this is calculated

Worked example, using the default values

  1. Identify Input Parameters
    4 parameters
    Futures price ($/bu) = 6, Expected basis ($/bu) = -0.35, Bushels to contract = 10000, Months to delivery = 6 = 5 input(s) provided
  2. Calculate Forward price
    Forward price = round((futuresPrice + expectedBasis) * 10000) / 10000
    5.65 = 5.65
  3. Calculate Total revenue
    Total revenue = round(forwardPrice * bushels * 100) / 100
    56500 = $56,500
  4. Calculate Storage saved
    Storage saved = round(storageCostPerBuMo * deliveryMonths * bushels * 100) / 100
    2400 = $2,400

Engine last updated . Checked against 2 independently-derived tests — how we verify calculators. Built by Paul Gunder, a software engineer, not a licensed financial, medical, or legal professional.

Frequently Asked Questions

Why is the expected basis a negative number by default, and what does that do to my forward price?

Grain is typically priced under the futures price at most elevators, which is why -0.35 is the default. Since forward price is simply futures price plus expected basis, a negative basis lowers your forward price below the futures number rather than raising it — a positive basis (grain priced over futures) would raise it instead.

What is "storage saved," and why does it get added into the effective price?

Storage saved is what you'd have spent on on-farm storage — storage cost per bushel per month times months to delivery times bushels — if you'd held the grain yourself instead of contracting it forward. Since forward contracting is often the alternative to storing, that avoided cost is a real economic benefit of the contract, so effective price adds it back on top of the forward price to give an apples-to-apples number for comparing the two strategies.

How reliable is the expected basis I enter into this calculator?

It's a forecast you supply, not something locked in the way the futures-based portion of the forward price is. Actual basis at your elevator on the delivery date can move away from what you entered — tighter or wider than expected — so treat the forward price here as sensitive to how accurate your basis assumption turns out to be.

What does the "% of futures captured" output tell me?

It's your forward price divided by the raw futures price, expressed as a percentage — a quick way to see how much of the board price basis is costing you (a figure below 100% when basis is negative) or occasionally adding (above 100% when basis is positive), without having to compare the two dollar figures directly.

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