STC Rating Calculator
Estimate Sound Transmission Class (STC) for wall assemblies based on wall type, drywall layers, insulation, stud spacing, resilient channel, and staggered studs.
About this calculator
This calculator estimates a wall assembly's Sound Transmission Class (STC) rating -- the single-number airborne sound isolation metric derived from lab transmission-loss testing per ASTM E90 and rated against the reference contour in ASTM E413 -- using a rule-of-thumb points system rather than a full lab test. It starts from a Base STC keyed to the underlying wall type (33 for wood stud, 35 for steel stud, 44 for 8" CMU block, 48 for 6" poured concrete) and adds bonus points for additional drywall layers, cavity insulation, wider stud spacing, resilient channel, and staggered or double studs. The biggest single lever is decoupling the two wall faces: staggered or double-stud construction adds 10 points and resilient channel adds 8, but the calculator caps the combined decoupling bonus at 3 points extra (not the full 8) when both are used together on the same wall, reflecting diminishing returns once the faces are already substantially decoupled -- using both is still better than either alone, just not simply additive.
Insulation type matters non-obviously: mineral wool (Rockwool) outperforms fiberglass batt for sound (6 points versus 4), and spray foam scores lowest of the three (3 points) despite generally superior thermal performance, because its rigid, fully-adhered structure couples the wall faces together rather than damping vibration between them. Resilient channel and staggered studs only apply to wood or steel stud walls -- selecting either on a concrete block or poured concrete wall has no effect, since masonry mass alone already achieves most of what those techniques are meant to add to a lighter stud wall.
Inputs
Results
Estimated STC
33
Figures current as of 2022. Sources: ASTM E90-09(2016), Standard Test Method for Laboratory Measurement of Airborne Sound Transmission Loss of Building Partitions and Elements, ASTM E413-22, Classification for Rating Sound Insulation
How to Use This Calculator
- Select the Wall type from the dropdown, enter Drywall layers per side, and select the Insulation type.
- Set Stud spacing (inches), then toggle Resilient channel and Staggered/double studs on or off.
- Review the Estimated STC result.
- Use Base STC (wall type only) and Drywall bonus (pts) to inform your decision.
What each input means
- Wall type
- The underlying wall construction type.
- Drywall layers per side
- Number of gypsum board layers on each side (1 = standard, 2 = double layer, 3 = triple).
- Insulation type
- Cavity insulation type. Mineral wool is best for sound.
- Stud spacing (inches)
- On-center stud spacing in inches. 24" OC is slightly better acoustically.
- Resilient channel
- Whether resilient channels are used to decouple drywall from studs. Major STC improvement for stud walls.
- Staggered/double studs
- Staggered studs on a wider plate or double-stud wall with air gap. Best decoupling method.
What each result means
- Estimated STC
- Estimated Sound Transmission Class rating for the assembly. STC 50+ recommended between dwellings.
- Base STC (wall type only)
- STC of the bare wall type with minimal treatment.
- Drywall bonus (pts)
- STC points gained from additional drywall layers.
- Insulation bonus (pts)
- STC points gained from cavity insulation.
- Decoupling bonus (pts)
- STC points gained from resilient channel and/or staggered studs.
- Assembly grade (0-3)
- 0 = Basic (<38), 1 = Improved (38-44), 2 = Good (45-54), 3 = Premium (55+).
- Improvement potential (pts)
- Estimated STC points available through recommended upgrades.
- Est. fire rating (min)
- Rough fire resistance estimate based on drywall layers (30 min or 60 min).
How this is calculated
Worked example, using the default values
- Identify Input Parameters4 parametersWall type (0-3) = 0, Drywall layers per side = 1, Insulation type (0-3) = 0, Stud spacing (inches) = 16 = 6 input(s) provided
- Calculate Estimated STCEstimated STC33 = 33
- Calculate Base STC33 = 33
- Calculate Drywall bonusDrywall bonus0 = 0
Figures and sources
- Laboratory measurement of airborne sound transmission loss (the underlying STC lab test method) (2016) — ASTM E90-09(2016), Standard Test Method for Laboratory Measurement of Airborne Sound Transmission Loss of Building Partitions and Elements
- STC reference contour and single-number rating procedure (2022) — ASTM E413-22, Classification for Rating Sound Insulation
Engine last updated . Checked against 3 independently-derived tests — how we verify calculators. Built by Paul Gunder, a software engineer, not a licensed financial, medical, or legal professional.
Frequently Asked Questions
Why does spray foam insulation score lower than fiberglass batt for sound?
Because spray foam is applied as a rigid, fully-adhered layer that bonds to both wall faces, which can transmit vibration across the cavity almost like a solid bridge. Fiberglass batt and mineral wool sit loosely in the cavity and absorb sound energy through friction rather than bridging the gap, which is why this calculator scores mineral wool highest (6 points), fiberglass batt next (4 points), and spray foam lowest of the three insulation options (3 points) for STC purposes even though spray foam often wins on thermal performance.
Why don't resilient channel and staggered studs add up to 18 points together?
Staggered/double studs alone add 10 points and resilient channel alone adds 8, but combining them on the same wall caps the total decoupling contribution at 13 points (10 from staggered studs plus a reduced 3 from resilient channel), not 18. Once the wall faces are already substantially decoupled by staggering the studs, adding resilient channel on top provides a smaller additional benefit -- diminishing returns, not simple addition.
Do resilient channel and staggered studs help a concrete block wall?
No -- in this calculator, both only apply a bonus when Wall Type is wood stud or steel stud. Concrete block and poured concrete walls rely on mass for sound isolation rather than the wall-face decoupling that resilient channel and staggered studs are designed to provide, so selecting either on a masonry wall type produces no change to Estimated STC.
Is this the same STC number I'd get from a certified lab test?
No. This calculator applies a published rule-of-thumb points system to estimate STC from assembly components; a certified rating comes from measuring transmission loss across a set of one-third-octave frequency bands per ASTM E90 and fitting the results to the reference contour defined in ASTM E413. Use this estimate for early design comparisons, not as a substitute for a lab-tested or manufacturer-published assembly rating on a real project.
How many additional drywall layers are worth adding?
Each additional drywall layer beyond the first adds 4 STC points in this calculator, up to a maximum of 3 layers per side (2 additional layers, or 8 points). It is a straightforward, uncapped-relative-to-other-bonuses way to raise STC, but the resilient-channel and staggered-stud decoupling options generally deliver more points per construction step for stud walls specifically.
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