Greenhouse Gas Converter Calculator
CO2 equivalent from methane, N2O, and other GHGs.
About this calculator
This calculator converts a mix of six greenhouse gases into a single CO2-equivalent (CO2e) figure using Global Warming Potential (GWP) values from Table 7.15 of the IPCC's Sixth Assessment Report Working Group I chapter on the Earth's energy budget (AR6, 2021) — the standard reference for climate reporting. GWP expresses how much more heat-trapping effect a given mass of a gas has relative to the same mass of CO2 over a chosen time horizon, which is why methane, N2O, SF6, HFC-134a, and CF4 (measured in kilograms) are each multiplied by their own GWP factor and divided by 1000 to convert into tonnes before being summed alongside your CO2 tonnage (which has a GWP of exactly 1 by definition). The calculator offers a toggle between the standard 100-year GWP horizon and a 20-year horizon: the 20-year values weight short-lived, potent gases like methane far more heavily (81.2 versus 27.9 for methane) because over a shorter window a gas's own atmospheric lifetime matters more, which is why methane's 20-year GWP is roughly triple its 100-year figure.
The output breaks down each gas's CO2e contribution individually along with the percentage of total emissions coming from non-CO2 sources — often the more actionable number, since non-CO2 gases frequently represent outsized warming impact relative to their mass. Use the 100-year figure for standard corporate and national inventory reporting; reach for the 20-year figure only when the analysis specifically calls for emphasizing near-term climate impact, such as short-lived pollutant mitigation planning.
Inputs
Results
Total CO2e (tonnes)
102.76
Figures current as of 2021. Source: IPCC. Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis. Working Group I Contribution to the Sixth Assessment Report, Chapter 7, Table 7.15. Cambridge University Press, 2021.
How to Use This Calculator
- Enter CO₂ (tonnes), CH₄ (kg), N₂O (kg), SF₆ (kg), HFC-134a (kg), and CF₄/PFC (kg).
- Select GWP time horizon (100-year standard or 20-year short-lived emphasis).
- Review Total CO₂e (tonnes) and each gas's contribution in CO₂ equivalent.
- Use 20-year GWP to emphasize near-term methane impacts in time-sensitive reporting.
How the result changes with CO2 (tonnes)
| CO2 (tonnes) | Total CO2e (tonnes) |
|---|---|
| 50 | 52.76 |
| 75 | 77.76 |
| 150 | 152.76 |
| 250 | 252.76 |
What each input means
- CO2 (tonnes)
- Carbon dioxide emissions in metric tonnes.
- Methane CH4 (kg)
- Methane emissions in kilograms.
- Nitrous oxide N2O (kg)
- Nitrous oxide emissions in kilograms.
- SF6 (kg)
- Sulfur hexafluoride emissions in kilograms.
- HFC-134a (kg)
- HFC-134a (refrigerant) emissions in kilograms.
- CF4 / PFC (kg)
- Perfluoromethane (CF4) emissions in kilograms.
- GWP Time Horizon
- Select global warming potential time horizon
What each result means
- Total CO2e (tonnes)
- Total greenhouse gas emissions expressed as CO2 equivalent.
- CO2 contribution (tonnes)
- CO2 component (GWP = 1).
- CH4 as CO2e (tonnes)
- Methane converted to CO2 equivalent using GWP.
- N2O as CO2e (tonnes)
- Nitrous oxide converted to CO2 equivalent.
- SF6 as CO2e (tonnes)
- Sulfur hexafluoride converted to CO2 equivalent.
- HFC-134a as CO2e (tonnes)
- HFC-134a converted to CO2 equivalent.
- CF4 as CO2e (tonnes)
- CF4 converted to CO2 equivalent.
- CH4 share of total (%)
- Methane's share of total CO2e emissions.
- Non-CO2 share (%)
- Percentage of total from non-CO2 greenhouse gases.
How this is calculated
Worked example, using the default values
- Identify Input Parameters4 parametersCO2 (tonnes) = 100, Methane CH4 (kg) = 50, Nitrous oxide N2O (kg) = 5, SF6 (kg) = 0 = 7 input(s) provided
- Calculate Total CO2eTotal CO2e = co2eCO2 + co2eCH4 + co2eN2O + co2eSF6 + co2eHFC + co2eCF4102.76 = 102.76
- Calculate CO2 contribution100 = 100
- Calculate CH4 as CO2eCH4 as CO2e = (ch4Kg * gwp.ch4) / 10001.4 = 1.4
Figures and sources
- GWP-100 and GWP-20 values for CH4, N2O, SF6, HFC-134a, and CF4 (2021) — IPCC. Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis. Working Group I Contribution to the Sixth Assessment Report, Chapter 7, Table 7.15. Cambridge University Press, 2021.
Engine last updated . Checked against 1 independently-derived test — how we verify calculators. Built by Paul Gunder, a software engineer, not a licensed financial, medical, or legal professional.
Frequently Asked Questions
Why is methane's CO2e contribution so much larger than its kilogram weight would suggest?
The calculator multiplies your methane input by its GWP-100 factor of 27.9 and divides by 1000 to convert kilograms to tonnes, so even a modest 50 kg of methane produces nearly 1.4 tonnes of CO2e — meaning methane at only a fraction of your CO2 tonnage by weight can still represent a meaningful share of total warming impact. This is exactly why the calculator reports a separate 'non-CO2 share' percentage rather than only the total, since mass alone badly understates a gas's true climate effect.
When should I switch to the 20-year GWP horizon instead of the default 100-year value?
The 20-year values weight short-lived, potent gases far more heavily — methane's GWP nearly triples from 27.9 to 81.2 — because over a shorter time window a gas's own atmospheric lifetime matters more than it does over 100 years. Use the 20-year horizon specifically for near-term climate impact analysis, like short-lived pollutant mitigation planning; standard corporate and national emissions inventories should stick with the 100-year default this calculator ships with.
Why do SF6 and CF4 dominate the total CO2e even at tiny kilogram quantities?
SF6 carries a GWP-100 of 25,200 and CF4 carries 7,380 — orders of magnitude higher than methane's 27.9 or N2O's 273 — because both are extremely long-lived, potent industrial gases used in things like electrical switchgear and semiconductor manufacturing. A single kilogram of SF6 alone converts to over 25 tonnes of CO2e, so even small leaks of these gases can swamp the CO2e total contributed by hundreds of tonnes of actual CO2.
Does the calculator account for methane's fossil versus biogenic origin?
No — it uses a single GWP-100 value of 27.9 for all methane regardless of source, even though IPCC AR6's Table 7.15 (Working Group I, Chapter 7) separately lists 29.8 for fossil-origin methane to account for additional climate-carbon feedback effects. If your methane emissions are specifically fossil-sourced (like natural gas leaks) rather than biogenic (like livestock or landfills), your true CO2e from methane may run slightly higher than what this calculator reports.
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