Punnett Square Generator
Calculate offspring genotype and phenotype ratios from parent genotypes using a Punnett square for monohybrid crosses.
Inputs
Results
AA Probability
25%
Aa Probability
50%
aa Probability
25%
Phenotype Ratio
3:1
Parent 1 GenotypeAa
Parent 2 GenotypeAa
Dominant Phenotype75%
Recessive Phenotype25%
How to Use This Calculator
- Enter Parent 1 Dominant Alleles and Parent 2 Dominant Alleles.
- Review AA Probability (%), Aa Probability (%), and aa Probability (%).
- Use Parent 1 Genotype and Parent 2 Genotype to inform your decision.
- Use the chart to visualize the results and explore different scenarios by adjusting inputs.
What each input means
- Parent 1 Dominant Alleles
- Number of dominant alleles for Parent 1: 0 = aa (homozygous recessive), 1 = Aa (heterozygous), 2 = AA (homozygous dominant).
- Parent 2 Dominant Alleles
- Number of dominant alleles for Parent 2: 0 = aa, 1 = Aa, 2 = AA.
How this is calculated
Formula
Aa × Aa → 1 AA : 2 Aa : 1 aaWorked example, using the default values
- Identify Input ParametersParent 1 Dominant Alleles = 1, Parent 2 Dominant Alleles = 1 = 2 input(s) provided
- Calculate AA ProbabilityAA Probability25 = 25%
- Calculate Aa ProbabilityAa Probability50 = 50%
- Calculate aa Probabilityaa Probability25 = 25%
- Calculate Parent 1 GenotypeAa = Aa
- Calculate Parent 2 GenotypeAa = Aa
Engine last updated . Checked against 3 independently-derived tests — how we verify calculators.
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