Landing Distance Calculator
Estimate landing ground roll and total distance, corrected for altitude, temperature, weight, wind, runway condition, and regulatory safety factors.
About this calculator
Like takeoff performance, POH landing distance charts assume sea level, standard temperature, max gross weight, and no wind, so this calculator applies correction factors for actual conditions on top of your base ground roll. Altitude and above-ISA temperature each add about 5% per 1,000 ft and per 10°C respectively (half the penalty used for takeoff, since landing performance is less altitude-sensitive than climb performance), and weight is corrected as the square of the ratio to the POH's reference weight. Headwind and tailwind use the same asymmetric model as the takeoff calculator — 10% shorter per 9 kt of headwind, 10% longer per 2 kt of tailwind — while runway slope works in the opposite direction from takeoff: uphill landings are shorter (better braking help from gravity) and downhill landings are longer.
Runway condition is the biggest lever here: wet pavement adds about 30% to the corrected ground roll and contaminated (snow or ice) surfaces add about 60%, reflecting reduced braking friction. The corrected ground roll is multiplied by 1.67 to estimate total distance from 50 ft AGL through flare and rollout, and if you select a Part 121 or 135 operation type, a regulatory safety factor (1.43 for a dry runway, 1.67 for wet) is layered on top — these are the certificated safety margins used in commercial dispatch planning. Private/Part 91 flights get no such regulatory pad, so always add your own margin against available runway length.
Inputs
C172S: 600 ft, C182T: 590 ft
Results
Landing Ground Roll
634 ft
≈ 8 tennis courts
Total Over 50 ft Obstacle
1,059 ft
≈ 13 tennis courts
How to Use This Calculator
- Look up base landing ground roll from your POH.
- Enter pressure altitude, temperature, wind, and landing weight.
- Select runway condition (dry, wet, or contaminated).
- Verify the result fits within available runway length with margin.
How the result changes with Headwind Component
| Headwind Component | Landing Ground Roll | Total Over 50 ft Obstacle |
|---|---|---|
| 8 | 445 ft | 743 ft |
| 0 | 873 ft | 1,457 ft |
| 0 | 771 ft | 1,288 ft |
What each input means
- POH Base Ground Roll
- Landing ground roll at sea level, standard temp, max gross, no wind from POH.
- Pressure Altitude
- Airport pressure altitude.
- Outside Air Temperature
- Current OAT at the airport.
- Headwind Component
- Headwind component on landing runway.
- Tailwind Component
- Tailwind component — avoid landing with tailwinds when possible.
- Landing Weight
- Expected weight at landing (takeoff weight minus fuel burned).
- POH Reference Weight
- Weight used in the POH chart.
- Runway Condition
- Wet adds ~30%, contaminated adds ~60% to landing distance.
- Runway Slope
- Positive = uphill landing (shorter). Negative = downhill (longer).
- Operation Type
- Part 121/135 apply regulatory safety factors (1.43 dry, 1.67 wet).
What each result means
- Factored Distance (Regulatory)
- With Part 121/135 safety factor applied (if applicable).
How this is calculated
Worked example, using the default values
- Base Landing Ground RollFrom POH at sea level, standard temp, max gross, no wind600 ft = 600 ft
- Altitude CorrectionFactor = 1 + 5% per 1,000 ft PA1 + 0.05 × (5,000 ÷ 1000) = ×1.25
- Runway ConditionDry: ×1.0Dry surface factor = ×1.0
- Corrected Landing Ground RollBase × All Factors600 × 1.25 × 1.10 × 0.81 × 0.94 × 1.00 × 1.0 = 634 ft
- Total Over 50 ft ObstacleGround Roll × 1.67 (approach + flare + roll)634 × 1.67 = 1,059 ft
Engine last updated . Checked against 1 independently-derived test — how we verify calculators. Built by Paul Gunder, a software engineer, not a licensed financial, medical, or legal professional.
Frequently Asked Questions
Why do altitude and temperature penalties use 5% here versus 10% on the takeoff distance calculator?
Landing ground roll is less sensitive to air density than takeoff ground roll, since it depends mostly on touchdown speed and braking friction rather than the thrust needed to accelerate to liftoff. The calculator reflects this by using half the per-1,000-ft and per-10°C penalty rates used in the takeoff distance calculator.
Why does runway slope work in the opposite direction from the takeoff calculator?
An uphill runway shortens landing distance because gravity assists braking and deceleration, but the same uphill slope lengthens takeoff distance because gravity works against acceleration. Downhill runways have the opposite effect in both calculators.
What do the Part 121/135 regulatory factors add on top of the calculated distance?
Selecting Part 121 or Part 135 operation type multiplies the 50-ft-obstacle distance by 1.43 on a dry runway or 1.67 on a wet one — the certificated dispatch safety margins commercial operators must plan against. Private/Part 91 flights get no such multiplier since it isn't a regulatory requirement for them, so add your own margin manually.
How is the total distance over a 50-ft obstacle derived from ground roll?
It multiplies the corrected ground roll by 1.67 to account for the approach, flare, and rollout beyond the point where the wheels touch down. This is a fixed ratio applied uniformly rather than a separate calculation of approach speed or flare distance.
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