Juggling Pattern Calculator
Siteswap notation and throw timing for juggling patterns.
Inputs
Results
Siteswap value
3
Throw height (m)
0.31
Throw height (ft)1.01
Beat period (ms)250
Flight time (ms)500
Launch velocity (m/s)2.45
Dwell time (ms)250
Full cycle (ms)750
Objects airborne2
Difficulty index36
How to Use This Calculator
- Enter the number of objects (balls, clubs, or rings) in your pattern.
- Set throws per second for both hands combined (typical cascade: 3–5).
- Adjust the dwell ratio — how long each object is held before being thrown.
- Review the Siteswap value, air time per object, and hand-to-hand beat.
- Use the pattern timing to refine technique or design new siteswap sequences.
What each input means
- Number of objects
- How many balls, clubs, or rings in the pattern.
- Throws per second
- How many throws per second across both hands (typical cascade is 3-5).
- Dwell ratio
- Fraction of the beat the object is held in hand (0.5 is typical lazy style, lower is more snappy).
What each result means
- Siteswap value
- The siteswap digit for a uniform pattern with this many objects.
- Throw height (m)
- Peak height above release point in metres.
- Throw height (ft)
- Peak height above release point in feet.
- Beat period (ms)
- Time between consecutive throws.
- Flight time (ms)
- How long each object is airborne per throw.
- Launch velocity (m/s)
- Initial upward velocity at release.
- Dwell time (ms)
- How long each object rests in the hand.
- Full cycle (ms)
- Time for the complete pattern to repeat.
- Objects airborne
- Average number of objects in the air at any instant.
- Difficulty index
- Heuristic difficulty score (higher = harder).
How this is calculated
Worked example, using the default values
- Identify Input ParametersNumber of objects = 3, Throws per second = 4, Dwell ratio = 0.5 = 3 input(s) provided
- Calculate Siteswap valueSiteswap value3 = 3
- Calculate Throw heightThrow height = 0.5 * gravity * halfFlight * halfFlight0.31 = 0.31
- Calculate Throw heightThrow height = 0.5 * gravity * halfFlight * halfFlight1.01 = 1.01
- Calculate Beat periodBeat period = 1 / throwsPerSecond250 = 250
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