Layer Adhesion Strength Calculator

Every FDM print's strength depends on how well each layer physically fuses to the one below it, and that fusion is driven by how much heat and time each layer spends re-melting the layer underneath before it cools. This calculator scores that bond quality against each material's known optimal settings — PLA, ABS, PETG, and Nylon each carry their own ideal nozzle temp, bed temp, layer height, and print speed baked into the model, along with a base bond ceiling (Nylon highest at 70, ABS lowest at 55, reflecting each polymer's inherent interlayer weld strength). Four factors multiply together to produce the final score: nozzle-temperature deviation costs about 0.5% bond quality per degree off-optimal, bed-temperature deviation costs about 0.3% per degree, layer height deviation is penalized more steeply since thicker layers mean less relative surface contact between them, and print speed above the material's optimal costs bond strength because faster passes leave less time for heat transfer before the next layer lands.

The resulting 0-100 bond score converts into an estimated tensile strength using representative interlayer MPa values per material, and separately drives two risk estimates — warping risk (weighted heavily by material choice and how far under target the bed runs) and delamination risk (simply the inverse of bond score). None of this replaces a physical pull test: it's a settings-sensitivity model built from typical material behavior, useful for diagnosing why a specific print setup might be running weak or warping, not a guarantee of a specific real-world MPa number for your exact filament brand and printer.