Aquaculture Feed Rate
Calculate daily feed requirements for fish based on total biomass, water temperature, and target feed rate percentage.
About this calculator
Fish feeding rate is normally set as a percentage of total pond biomass rather than a fixed weight, because the right amount of feed scales directly with how much fish is actually in the water. This calculator starts from your total biomass and target feed rate percentage, then adjusts the result for water temperature, because fish are ectotherms and their appetite and digestive rate track ambient water temperature closely rather than staying constant year round. In this model the temperature adjustment holds feed rate at full strength through a 70-85°F comfort band, tapers it down in cooler water where digestion and appetite slow, and tapers it again once water exceeds 85°F and further above 90°F where heat stress suppresses feeding even though the water is warm.
Total biomass and the base feed rate percentage both move the daily feed total proportionally -- doubling either one doubles daily feed required, holding everything else constant -- while the estimated feed conversion ratio (feed pounds needed per pound of fish gain) responds only to the temperature adjustment, not to biomass or feed rate, since it reflects metabolic efficiency rather than pond size. What this calculator does not account for: species-specific feed conversion differences (catfish, tilapia, and trout convert feed differently), dissolved oxygen levels (which independently cap how much fish will actually eat regardless of temperature), water quality degradation from overfeeding, or the natural decline in relative feed rate as fish grow larger within a single production cycle. Use it as a starting daily ration and adjust based on observed feeding response and water quality monitoring.
Inputs
Results
Daily Feed Required
150 lbs
How to Use This Calculator
- Enter Total Fish Biomass, Water Temperature, and Base Feed Rate.
- Review the Daily Feed Required (lbs) result.
- Use Weekly Feed Required (lbs) and Monthly Feed Required (lbs) to inform your decision.
- Use the chart to visualize the results and explore different scenarios by adjusting inputs.
How the result changes with Water Temperature
| Water Temperature | Daily Feed Required |
|---|---|
| 39 | 37.5 lbs |
| 59 | 75 lbs |
| 100 | 75 lbs |
What each input means
- Total Fish Biomass
- Combined weight of all fish in the pond or system in pounds.
- Water Temperature
- Current water temperature in Fahrenheit. Feed rates drop in cold or extremely hot water.
- Base Feed Rate
- Target feed rate as percentage of body weight per day. Typical range: 2-5% for grow-out.
How this is calculated
Worked example, using the default values
- Identify Input ParametersTotal Fish Biomass = 5000, Water Temperature = 78, Base Feed Rate = 3 = 3 input(s) provided
- Calculate Daily Feed Required150 = 150
- Calculate Weekly Feed RequiredWeekly Feed Required1050 = 1050
- Calculate Monthly Feed RequiredMonthly Feed Required4500 = 4500
Engine last updated . Checked against 2 independently-derived tests — how we verify calculators. Built by Paul Gunder, a software engineer, not a licensed financial, medical, or legal professional.
Frequently Asked Questions
Why does daily feed required change with water temperature if I don't touch the feed rate percentage?
Water temperature adjusts an internal multiplier this calculator applies on top of your chosen feed rate percentage, because fish appetite and digestion track water temperature directly. In water between 70°F and 85°F the multiplier stays at full strength, but below or above that band it scales down, so the same biomass and feed rate percentage produce less daily feed in cold or overly hot water than in the comfort band.
What is a reasonable base feed rate percentage to start from?
This calculator's default and typical range is 2-5% of body weight per day for grow-out production, which is a commonly used starting range before adjusting for observed feeding response. Younger, smaller fish generally need a higher percentage of their body weight in daily feed than larger fish approaching market size, so the right figure shifts across a single production cycle even at a constant water temperature.
Does increasing total biomass change the estimated feed conversion ratio?
No -- in this calculator, the estimated feed conversion ratio depends only on the water-temperature adjustment, not on total biomass or the feed rate percentage you enter. It gets worse (a higher, less efficient ratio) specifically when temperature pushes the feed-rate multiplier below 1.0, reflecting that fish convert feed to growth less efficiently outside their comfort temperature range, but it's capped at 2.5 -- the top of the stated typical 1.5-2.5 range -- rather than climbing without limit at the coldest temperatures.
How is the monthly feed cost estimated?
Monthly cost is calculated by multiplying the monthly feed total in pounds by a flat feed price estimate of $0.35 per pound, which is a rough placeholder rather than a live commodity price. Actual feed cost varies substantially by protein content, pellet formulation, and regional supplier pricing, so treat the dollar figures here as a rough budgeting starting point rather than a quote.
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