Osteoporosis Risk (FRAX) Calculator
Estimate 10-year fracture probability using FRAX-style risk factors with treatment threshold guidance.
Medical Disclaimer
This calculator is for informational and educational purposes only. It is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider before making decisions about your health. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of results from this tool.
Inputs
Results
10-year hip fracture risk
1.8%
How to Use This Calculator
- Enter the patient's Age, sex, weight in kg, and height in cm.
- Enter risk factors: prior fracture, parental hip fracture, smoking, glucocorticoids, rheumatoid arthritis, and secondary causes.
- Enter BMD T-score at the femoral neck if a DEXA scan is available.
- Review the 10-Year Probability of Major Osteoporotic Fracture and Hip Fracture.
- Use FRAX thresholds to guide treatment decisions: intervention is generally recommended above 20% major or 3% hip fracture risk.
How the result changes with Age
| Age | 10-year hip fracture risk |
|---|---|
| 45 | 0.2% |
| 58 | 0.5% |
| 73 | 3% |
| 85 | 12% |
What each input means
- Age
- Patient age (40-90). Fracture risk increases exponentially with age.
- Sex
- Biological sex. Women have higher osteoporosis prevalence.
- Weight
- Body weight in kg. Low weight increases fracture risk.
- Height
- Height in cm. Used for BMI calculation.
- Prior Fragility Fracture
- Previous fracture as adult from minimal trauma.
- Parent Hip Fracture
- Either parent had a hip fracture.
- Current Smoker
- Currently smoking.
- Glucocorticoids
- Currently or past use of oral glucocorticoids >= 3 months at >= 5mg/day prednisone equivalent.
- Rheumatoid Arthritis
- Confirmed diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis.
- Secondary Osteoporosis
- Type 1 diabetes, osteogenesis imperfecta, untreated hyperthyroidism, hypogonadism, chronic malnutrition/malabsorption, or chronic liver disease.
- Alcohol (units/day)
- Daily alcohol intake in units. >= 3 units/day is a risk factor (1 unit = 8-10g alcohol).
- Femoral neck T-score
- DEXA femoral neck T-score. Enter 0 if not available. <= -2.5 = osteoporosis.
What each result means
- 10-year hip fracture risk
- Estimated 10-year probability of hip fracture. >= 3% meets NOF treatment threshold.
- 10-year major osteoporotic fracture risk
- Estimated 10-year probability of major fracture (spine, forearm, hip, humerus). >= 20% meets treatment threshold.
- Treatment recommended (0/1)
- 1 = Meets NOF treatment threshold (hip >= 3%, MOF >= 20%, or T-score <= -2.5), 0 = Below thresholds.
- BMI
- Body Mass Index. BMI < 20 is an independent risk factor.
- Clinical risk factors
- Number of FRAX clinical risk factors present.
- DEXA scan recommended (0/1)
- 1 = Bone density testing recommended based on age and risk factors.
How this is calculated
Worked example, using the default values
- Identify Input Parameters4 parametersAge = 65, Sex = 1, Weight = 65, Height = 165 = 12 input(s) provided
- Calculate 10-year hip fracture risk10-year hip fracture risk1.8 = 1.8%
- Calculate 10-year major osteoporotic fracture risk10-year major osteoporotic fracture risk6.3 = 6.3%
- Calculate Treatment recommendedTreatment recommended0 = 0
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